Roof is basically uppermost part of the building and a roof covers it. Roof covers and protects the rest of the building from change in weather i.e. Rain,
Snow, Hail, Extreme hot, Sun, Extreme Cold etc. In many countries roof is used basically to protect from rain. Sometimes it is also used in greenhouse for plants. The main things involved in design of roof are material, construction and durability. Material of roof maybe wheaten straw, sea grass, laminated glass, aluminum sheet, banana leaves, and concrete. In many parts of the world ceramic tiles are also used for roof. Construction of a roof is basically determined by its method used for support, how pace is bridged underneath and whether roof is pitched or not. Most people used pitched or sloped roof for their buildings. In simple roof declined rafters on vertical wall plates are used on each wall. Rafters top end meet the ridge beam. Purlins which are horizontal are fixed to the rafters to support the roof covering. Ceiling joists are connected opposite and between the lower ends of rafters to give them extra strength. Durability of a roof is also important and a matter of concern because it is the least accessible part of the building for renewal or repairing and if any damage is caused to it that can cause a lot of problems.
There are different shapes of roof that people use in different regions. Some of the shapes are flat roof, terrace, skillon roof, Saw-tooth roof, Lean to roof, pitched roof, Dutch gable roof, Shaped Gable roof, Salt-box roof, Asian traditional style roof Outshot roof, Saddleback roof, Hip roof, Half hipped roof, Arched roof, Barrel arched roof, Catenary roof, Circular roof, Conical roof, Domical roof, Pyramidal roof, Tented roof, Helm roof, Pyatthat roof, Mansard roof, Gambrel roof, Crow – stepped gable roof and Bell Cast roof. Roofs have basically two parts. The two parts of the roof are outer skin and the supporting structure. Usually the supporting structure of the roof consists of beams that are very strong and are long, rigid material such as timber. In some countries bamboo is also used for roof due to is flexibility.
Outer layer is also a part of roof. Outer layer of the roof is basically outermost layer on the roof. The materials used to make outer layer are sea grass, wooden shingles, timber, slate, slabs of stone, cut turf, sheet metal made of copper and lead, thermo plastics and fibreglass. If we take a look at functions of roof then we come to know that purpose of roof is insulation and drainage. As roof is made to protect people from climate so people use roof for insulation. For insulation natural fibre type of material is used. Drainage is also one of the functions of the roof. To keep water out of the building is one of the primary jobs of the roof. When it rains roof basically repels water out and does not allow it to enter the building so it does not cause any damage or incontinence to building. solid conservatory roof